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English · Extended writing

Structuring an article for its audience

Your article has good points, but they read like a list instead of a piece for someone.

An article works when it is written for one reader, with one main point, in a clear order. Plan from the reader backwards: who is reading, what do they need, and what single point should they remember?

This lesson opens extended writing. Tidy paragraphs also need clear topic sentences and transitions.

What is the planning sequence?

  1. Name the reader and what they care about.
  2. Write the main point in one sentence.
  3. Choose three supports: reasons, examples or facts.
  4. Decide the opening hook and the closing thought.

Worked example: sleeping earlier

This is an original task: write an article for the school magazine about going to bed earlier.

Plan. Main point: going to bed earlier helps you learn better the next day. Supports: concentration in class, mood, and the morning rush.

Opening for Form 1 students. “Have you ever nodded off in the middle of Science? Your teacher noticed, and so did your friends. Going to bed thirty minutes earlier could be the easiest fix you try this term.”

Opening for parents. “Is your child tired in the morning and hard to wake? A small change in bedtime can make school mornings calmer for the whole family.”

The main point and supports are the same. The hook, the examples and the tone change. The first speaks to a student’s own embarrassment. The second speaks to family routine.

The mistake: writing for no one

A student lists the benefits of sleep with no reader in mind. The piece is correct, but it could appear in any magazine, so it feels flat.

Feature Writing for no one Writing for Form 1 students
Opening “Sleep is important.” A scene they recognise
Example “Everyone knows…” “In the middle of Science”
Closing “Finally, sleep matters.” A small challenge to try tonight

The fix is a reader test: read each paragraph aloud as if to that reader, and ask whether they would keep listening.

Check yourself

Write a two-sentence opening for the same article, aimed at teachers. Start with a hook.

Answer

One possible answer: “By the last period, how many of your students are still listening? A steady bedtime routine at home may matter as much as any lesson plan you write.”

It speaks to the teacher’s daily experience, asks a question and leads to the main point. Other openings are fine if they suit teachers and lead to the same point.

What to study next

Move on to writing a review with specific evaluation, or see comparing writing genres before choosing a task if you often choose the wrong genre.

Check your plan with the English writing task checklist. For a teacher to read your articles, see online one-to-one English tuition.

Common questions

How do I decide who the audience is?

Read the task for clues: a school magazine, a newspaper for parents, or a blog for teenagers. If it is unclear, choose the most likely reader and keep the tone and examples consistent for that reader.

How many paragraphs should an article have?

Enough for one clear point per paragraph: usually an opening, two to four body paragraphs and a closing. Follow the length and instructions in the task.

What should the opening paragraph do?

It should catch the reader's interest and state the main point. A question, a short scene or a surprising fact can work, as long as it connects directly to your topic.

Should articles use personal opinion?

Yes, if the task asks for your view, but support it with reasons and examples. Opinion without support reads as a list of claims.

If your articles feel like a list of points, one-to-one English lessons let a teacher ask who the reader is at each paragraph and help you rebuild the order around that reader.

  • Online one-to-one lessons for your child with an experienced teacher.
  • Your first class is a one-hour trial, from RM50. The fee is agreed before you book.
  • Happy with the teacher? Continue with lessons of about 1.5 hours. If not, ask for another teacher.